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首頁 > 美迪醫(yī)訊 > 超聲掃描腹主動脈瘤可拯救病人 |
超聲掃描腹主動脈瘤可拯救病人 【?2007-06-05 發(fā)布?】 美迪醫(yī)訊
根據(jù)最新的一項報告,常規(guī)超聲掃描腹主動脈瘤(AAAs)似乎可降低男性65歲或以上因動脈瘤而死亡的人數(shù)。 掃描可幫助減低65歲到79歲男性死亡率達(dá)50%,而在女性中沒有明顯的效應(yīng)。然而,接受掃描的男性似乎比對照組進行手術(shù)的可能性要增加一倍,這種手術(shù)也帶有本身的風(fēng)險,按照英國劍橋Paul Cosford博士的說法。 包括127,891名男性和9,342女性的研究 。由英國Cosford 博士和Gillian Leng博士指導(dǎo)。 此項研究刊登于國家臨床卓越工作者學(xué)院(英國倫敦)所出版的最新一期系統(tǒng)綜述循證醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫雜志(2007年第2號)。 主動脈瘤發(fā)生于貫穿整個腹部的主動脈。由于動脈泡位于特殊的部位,動脈壁變得很薄,增加了它破裂的可能性。主動脈的突然破裂是致命的,幾乎80%的動脈破裂病人在到達(dá)醫(yī)院時會死亡。 掃描可以挽救許多這類病人的生命,因為手術(shù)可以在動脈瘤破裂前修復(fù),典型的是在動脈瘤超過2英尺前。然而,在某種程度上,掃描的意義還具有爭議。因為動脈瘤破裂的風(fēng)險和電手術(shù)修復(fù)風(fēng)險間的平衡很難衡量。 那些還不會因為動脈瘤而死亡的病人在進行大主動脈修復(fù)前將要告之手術(shù)的風(fēng)險。Cosford博士很強調(diào)這一點。加上很多病人變得很緊張,所以較小的動脈瘤不需要進行手術(shù)。 2007年,美國醫(yī)療機構(gòu)開始在美國為那些處于高風(fēng)險的人群提供腹主動脈瘤掃描。包括大于65歲的男性并且有吸煙史以及那些有動脈瘤家族史的女性。如果第一次掃描發(fā)現(xiàn)動脈瘤,這些被測者必須每三個月到半年之間進行復(fù)測。 雖然腹主動脈瘤的風(fēng)險男性要大于女性。科學(xué)家必須找到掃描對于女性來說的優(yōu)缺點。 來源:medinews.com Ultrasound Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Saves Men’s Lives Regular ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) can sharply reduce the likelihood of dying from a ruptured aneurysm among men age 65 and older, according to a review of recent studies. Screening helped decrease the likelihood of death by almost 50% for men ages 65 to 79 but did not reduce deaths among women. However, men who received screening were also twice as likely to undergo surgery for the condition, a procedure that carries its own risk of death, according to Dr. Paul Cosford, from the East of England Strategic Health Authority (Cambridge, UK). The four studies included 127,891 men and 9,342 women. The study was conducted by Dr. Cosford and Dr. Gillian Leng from the U.K. National Institute for Clinical Excellence (London, UK), and was published in the latest issue of Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2007; issue 2), a publication of The Cochrane Collaboration, an international organization that evaluates medical research. Aneurysms are places in the aorta that have become wider as the large blood vessel travels through the abdomen. As the artery balloons out at a specific area, the aorta walls become weaker, increasing the odds that it will burst. A burst aorta is frequently fatal; almost 80% of individuals who reach a hospital after the aorta ruptures will die. Screening could help save many of these lives, since surgeons can repair an aneurysm before it bursts, typically before it grows larger than two inches in diameter. However, screening for these aneurysms is to some extent controversial, since 搕he balance between risk of rupture and risk of elective surgical repair is difficult to judge for people who are healthy,?Dr. Cosford said. 揚atients may therefore be asked to undergo this risk to repair a large aneurysm which may not kill them,?he stated, adding that some individuals may also become 搒ignificantly anxious?about smaller aneurysms that do not need surgery. In 2007, U.S. Medicare began offering abdominal aortic aneurysm screening for those in the United States at high risk for the condition, including men over 65 who have smoked and women with a family history of aneurysms. If the initial screening demonstrates an aneurysm, the reviewers reported that current practice is to perform a repeat ultrasound every three to six months for aneurysms smaller than 5 cm. Although evidence suggests that the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm is higher in men than women, according to Dr. Cosford, researchers need to find out more about the advantages and disadvantages of screening in women. 本文關(guān)鍵字:
腹主動脈瘤 常規(guī)超聲掃描腹主動脈瘤(AAAs)
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